Psych Central Reviews - Lithium carbonatePlease Read the Disclaimer About the Validity of These Ratings Lithium is used to treat people with bipolar disorder (extreme mood changes from depression or anger to elation). This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information. Follow the directions on your prescription label. Do not take more or less of lithium than prescribed by your doctor. Lithium may cause an upset stomach. Take lithium with food or milk. Drink at least 8-12 glasses of water or another beverage each day (unless your doctor tells you otherwise) and use a moderate amount of salt on your food. However, if your doctor puts you on a low-salt or low-sodium diet, follow it. Avoid drinking beverages with caffeine, such as tea, coffee, cola, or chocolate milk. The extended-release tablet must be swallowed whole; do not crush or chew it.